Menyederhanakan Yang Rumit Dan Merumitkan Yang Sederhana

Nah loh, kalau judulnya sudah seperti itu, kira-kira isinya tentang apa hayooo…?! Tidak pernah jauh-jauh dari secangkir tehku kok, apa yang biasa tersaji di cangkir tehku itulah yang kuminum. Alhamdulillah sampai hari ini belum pernah menginginkan isi cangkir orang lain, hehe. Baiklah mari bersama-sama melongok apa isi cangkir tehku. Ada cerpen, kalau cerpen di stok dulu deh jangan di posting semua. Terus ada puisi, belum nemu inspirasinya. Ada curcol, let say nothing to be stolen. Kalau begitu pasti tentang bahasa, gotcha! Yup, mau membahas tentang kalimat sederhana (simple sentence) dan kalimat komplek (complex sentence) dilanjutkan dengan kalimat majemuk (compound sentence).

Ternyata bahasa sebagai salah satu alat komunikasi mempunyai struktur yang hampir sama dengan kehidupan (maksa baget sih di pas-pasin). Ada yang sederhana ada yang rumit, bahkan ada pembahasan khusus dalam bahasa yang membahas bagaimana menyederhanakan kalimat komplek dan mengkomplekkan kalimat sederhana. Mirip banget kan dengan karakteristik hidup?.

Kalimat adalah struktur bahasa yang terbentuk dari beberapa kata. Mengenai kata itu sendiri sudah pernah dibahas sebelumnya, ada kata benda (noun), kata kerja (verb), dan kata sifat (adjective), pembahasan mengenai kata sifat (adjective) menyusul ya…

Langsung saja dimulai dengan kalimat sederhana kalimat sederhana atau Simple Sentence adalah kalimat yang terdiri dari satu subyek dan  dan satu kata kerja. Simple sentence consisting of one subject and one verb.  For instance : I Love You.

Selanjutnya kalimat komplek atau Complex Sentence, adalah kalimat yang terdiri dari satu atau lebih kalimat sederhana. A complex sentence has an simple clause joined by one or more simple clause. Berikut adalah beberapa contoh complex sentence dalam berbagai phrase (appositive phrase, prepositional phrase, participial phrase):

1.   Appositive phrase

Ms. Emas, the head of affiliate, has two kids.

      S          appositive phrase    V       O

Mr. Hans, the chief of Australia Parliamentary, was here.

2.   Prepositional phrase

The thropy,       on the rack,         belongs to the clever.

        S      prepositional phrase       V

The teachers, in this room, are all female

The gifts, on the table, are not belong to you

3.   Participial phrase

Spalerite, consisting of zinc and sulphur, is the most …

     S                 participial phrase             V  

Life, consisting of tears and laugh, is worth enough to be through.

Sebagaimana tertulis dijudul kalimat komplek bisa disederhanakan dan kalimat sederhana juga bisa dijadikan komplek. Cara mengubah complex sentence menjadi simple sentence adalah dengan mengurangi relative pronouns dan verb. mengenai apa itu relative pronoun silahkan lihat Related With Nouns. To simplified the complex sentence is by omitting the relative pronouns and the verb. For instance: The TOEFL test, (done on Tuesday) was easy. Frase yang di dalam kurung adalah relative pronouns, yang harus dihilangkan untuk menyederhanakan kalimat menjadi The TOEFL test was easy. The TOEFL test, done on Tuesday was easy has the same meaning with The TOEFL test wich was done on Tuesday was easy. (sedang melihat hasil skor TOEFL ^_^ what an exellent score)

Demikian juga sebaliknya cara mengkomplekkan kalimat sederhana adalah dengan menambahkan relative pronoun dan verb. Pembahasan selanjutnya akan membicarakan kalimat majemuk (compound sentence). May Alloh allow us meet in the future, Aamiin.

Posting terkait:

Verbs

Related With Nouns

Similar But Not The Same

That's not how I see it

Nouns

VERBS

Verb form may be classified as follows:

Base form - after modal

Start

Think

Draw

Write

Run

Let

Example:

·        She can sing well. (She sings well à without modal)

·        The police artist will draw the criminal’s face.

·        I must write the paper now for tomorrow’s discussion.

·        He should let the dog out in the evening.

Infinitive - to show purpose

To start

To Think

To Draw

To Write

To Run

To Let

Examples:

·        He set aside his salary to start his own business.

·        To write well, we must practice writing a lot.

·        He is working part time in order to finish his thesis.

·        It was thoughtful of her to buy me a watch.

·        The doorbell is too high to ring.

Gerund

Starting

Thinking

Drawing

Writing

Running

Letting

Examples:

·        My father is very fond of reading.

·        I’m thingking of writing another novel.

·        John is looking forward to running his father’s store.

Past participle

Started

Thought

Drawn

Written

Run

Let

Examples:

·        The principal wan enraged by the student’s behavior.

·        The contract has been signed.

·        The students behavior had enraged the principal.

·        Mr. Hung has signed the contract.

Simple past form

Started

Thought

Drew

Wrote

Ran

Let

Examples:
·        I started to cry as I listened to his account.

·        He wrote a letter to say that he could’t come to New York.

·        Donny saw Andy off to the office.

RELATED WITH NOUNS

Subject	Object	Possesive Adjective	Possesive Pronoun	Reflexive Pronoun
I You They We He She It	Me You Them Us Him Her It	My … Your … Their … Our … His … Her … Its …	Mine Your Theirs Ours His Her -	My self Yourself/yourselves Themselves Ourselves Himself Herself Itself

Relatives Pronouns

who, whom, whose, wich, that

1.   The man who is sitting in front is Mr Sholeh. - Who: replace the subject The man.

       S

2.   The man whom Mrs Lina was waiting for is Mr Sholeh.

                                S

3.   The man whose jacket is denim is Mr Sholeh. Whose= the owner - The man who has a denim jacket is Mr Sholeh

4.   The book that/wich I borrowed from you is very interesting.

5.   The car by wich I drove here is your.

It Versus There

·        There are some students in my room. - showing existence

·        It is so interesting to watch movies on weekend.

·        There are many doorprises in my shop, please come to my shop.

·        It is very cold here.

Another (not specific) Versus The other (specific)

Example: Another a cup of coffee it’s okay.

Others (not specific) Versus The others (specific); (plural)

Examples:

·        Some people enjoy reading while others (- refers to other people) watching movie.

·        In my class, Ms Kiki will be play piano while the others sing together.

Relative Pronoun

When (time) and Where (place) - in wich, on wich, at wich

·        The town where I was born is Purwokerto - The town in wich I was born is Purwokerto.

·        The table where I put the laptop is the teacher’s table - the table on wich I put the laptop is the teacher’s table.

Nouns Refering to The Person and Things

Refering to people	Refering to things
-or endings Collector Creator inventor -er endings Discoverer Employer Performer -ist endings Typist Economist Geneticist -e/ant endings Resident Participant Attendant -ian endings Technician Musician Academician Others Engineer Surgeon Lawyer Poet Authority Actor Critic	Collections Creation Invention Discovery Employment Performance Typing Economiy Genetics Residence Participation Attendance Technique Music Academy Enginerering Surgery Law Poetry and poems Authorization Action Criticizm

Employer = the bos

Employee = karyawan

Examples:

·        Edison is the inventor of the light bulb. His invention has benefited the world.

·        The discovery of America by Columbus, the Spanish discoverer, gave opportunities to many people to change their lives.

·        Theodosious Dozhansky, a American geneticist, was an important contributor in the field of population genetics.

·        The participatios of many expert in the field has made the seminar inspiring to the participants.

·        Beethoven is a great German musician. Many people love his music.

·        Surgeons must know how to operate advanced medical instrument to perform modern surgery.